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Natural Language Understanding

Natural Language Understanding (NLU) will be key for making the most of AI and enables tasks as wide ranging as using voice assistants at home to a reliable automatization of certain social services. To accelerate innovation, development of applications, and implementation in this area, NLU therefore constitutes one of AI Sweden’s strategic initiatives.

Do you want access to GPT-SW3?

AI Sweden together with RISE and WASP WARA Media & Language have built the first truly large-scale generative language model for the Nordic languages, primarily Swedish.

Learn more:

Scrabble tiles tumbling in the air, each spelling out the letters and symbols of GPT-SW3
AI Sweden now releases the first large Nordic language model, GPT-SW3. It is available as an open...

What is Natural Language Understanding?

Natural Language Understanding (NLU) is a collective term for the applied aspects of how computer programs or electronic devices can analyze, produce, modify or respond to human text and speech. 

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a core element of this area. NLP algorithms (language models) learn from language data. They enable machine understanding and machine representation of natural (human) language. Using NLP, applications and tools can be used to identify patterns and provide insights hidden in large amounts of language data, too vast for humans to process. Based on patterns and insights, unstructured data can be turned into actionable information, allowing us to make data-driven and well-informed decisions. 

In order for Sweden to benefit from the rapid development in the applied language technology area, language models need to be trained on datasets for Swedish and minority languages spoken in Sweden.

Latest news from the NLU team

Nina Ökvist and Magnus Sahlgren (composite image)

Unique language model expertise strengthens Swedish and European independence

2025-11-05
The availability of large, open language models, along with the expertise required to develop, maintain, and utilize them, is of great importance for the sovereignty of Sweden and Europe.
Danila Petrelli

Sustainable data strategies for natural language understanding

2025-11-05
The accelerating use of large language models is unlocking enormous value for organizations. But to fully realize this potential, a critical bottleneck must be addressed: Sustainable data management....
Nina Ökvist

Nina Ökvist appointed new Head of NLU at AI Sweden

2025-08-22
With over 20 years of experience from several government agencies, Nina Ökvist is now taking on the role of Head of AI Sweden's NLU team, one of the country's leading research and development teams...
OpenAI and AI Sweden logotypes

AI Sweden in collaboration with OpenAI: Evaluating unique open models

2025-08-05
AI Sweden with its initiative "A shared digital assistant for the public sector" is among just a handful of organizations worldwide granted early access to test and evaluate OpenAI’s new open models...
People working on laptops in a collaborative office environment.

Svea's third phase almost fully subscribed

2025-11-03
The third phase of the unique innovation initiative A Shared Digital Assistant for the Public Sector will begin after the New Year. “The interest in contributing to strengthening the public sector’s...
Jonatan Permert presenting the work on 'Svea' in front of an audience

New models and features improve Svea

2025-06-12
Work on the Svea project has progressed significantly this spring, and project manager Jonatan Permert is planning for a high-paced autumn. “We’re developing a new model for the knowledge support...
A picture of Magnus Sahlgren next to the text 'OpenEuroLLM' below a logo with the EU-fag and the text 'Co-funded by the European Union'

AI Sweden contributes to the development of open LLMs for transparent AI in Europe

2025-02-26
Europe's leading AI companies and research institutions combine their forces and expertise to develop next-generation open-source language models. AI Sweden is one of the 20 European partners that...

Ongoing projects

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A shared digital assistant for the public sector

The shared digital assistant for the public sector is a collaboration between Swedish authorities, municipalities, regions, and industry, coordinated by AI Sweden. The objective is to promote national...
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DeployAI

The project DeployAI will build, deploy, and launch a fully operational AI-on-demand platform (AIoDP) promoting trustworthy, ethical, and transparent European AI solutions for use in the industry...
One of the supercomputors in the Barcelona Supercomputing Center

EuroLingua-GPT

AI Sweden and the Fraunhofer Institute for Intelligent Analysis and Information Systems are together training a new series of large language models (LLMs) for all of the official European languages.
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FormAI

FormAI explores the use of generative AI coupled with formal verification for developing secure and trustworthy software in the automotive domain.
An AI-generated image showing cars driving and people walking in a city setting

Next generation infrastructure

Within the Next generation infrastructure project, AI Sweden is developing next-generation infrastructure for the training, deployment, and iterative improvement of foundation models by addressing...
OPEN EURO LLM project co-funded by the European Union

OpenEuroLLM

Europe's leading AI companies and research institutions combine their forces and expertise to develop next-generation open-source language models in an unprecedented collaboration to advance European...
Photo of a large amounts of text documents laying on a table, seen from above. AI-generated

TrustLLM

TrustLLM will develop European large language models (LLMs) on an unprecedented scale, trained on the largest amount of text so far in European AI, covering a range of underrepresented languages, and...

Past projects

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Data Readiness Lab

The Data Readiness Lab provides a collaborative environment and contributes skills, tools, frameworks and resources to increase data readiness and data maturity among actors in both the public and...
Scrabble tiles tumbling in the air, each spelling out the letters and symbols of GPT-SW3

GPT-SW3

AI Sweden, together with RISE and WASP WARA Media & Language, have developed a large-scale generative language model for the Nordic languages, primarily Swedish.
GPT-SW3 graphic showing input by public sector, industry, startups and academia

GPT-SW3 validation project

Can a large-scale Swedish generative language model reduce the threshold for using advanced language models to solve text processing tasks across a variety of sectors and use cases?
A group of people in a workshop setting, one person writing on whiteboard

Interdisciplinary expert pool for NLU

This project aims to establish and test a new form of cross-disciplinary collaboration for accelerating applied AI in the context of AI-driven language technology: The Interdisciplinary Expert Pool...
Language Models for Swedish Authorities project

Language Models for Swedish Authorities

The project develops large-scale language models for the Swedish public sector, enabling a number of applications with specific relevance to Swedish authorities.
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Multimodal language model

AI Sweden's language team is taking the next major step by initiating the development of Sweden's first large multimodal language model. The new model is expected, just like GPT-SW3, to become an...
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SuperLim

The SuperLim project forms a Swedish version of the English benchmarking platform (Super)GLUE. The first version of an evaluation framework for Swedish language models has now been released with a set...
Landscape image of a lake and red Swedish houses

Swedish Language Data Lab

A thoroughly developed base for Natural Language Processing (NLP) is one of the cornerstones of successful AI applications. NLP is one of AI Sweden's strategic areas, and the Swedish Language Data Lab...
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Swedish Medical Language Data Lab

An extensive amount of medical text data is produced in Swedish healthcare, dental care, and the life sciences sector. The Swedish Medical Language Data Lab aims to develop language models for the...

Meet the team

Nina Ökvist

Nina Ökvist

Head of NLU
A picture of Magnus Sahlgren

Magnus Sahlgren

Head of Research, NLU
+46 (0)76-315 34 80
A picture of Björn Hovstadius

Björn Hovstadius

Manager AI Labs
+46 (0)70-838 39 47
Photo of Amelia Högberg

Amelia Högberg

Project administrator & Event manager NLU team
+46 (0)70-431 92 38
Jonas Lind portrait photo

Jonas Lind

Senior Lead AI Developer, PhD
Danila Petrelli

Danila Petrelli

Senior Data Lead
A picture of Felix Stollenwerk

Felix Stollenwerk

Senior Research Scientist, PhD
+46 (0)70 697 47 14
A picture of Amaru Cuba Gyllensten

Amaru Cuba Gyllensten

Senior Research Scientist, PhD
A picture of Ariel Ekgren

Ariel Ekgren

Senior Research Scientist
+46 (0)70-793 13 94
A Picture of Tim Isbister

Tim Isbister

AI Engineer
Niclas Hertzberg

Niclas Hertzberg

AI Engineer
Anna Lokrantz in a purple sweater, standing in a modern office

Anna Lokrantz

AI Engineer

NLU updates

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If you are interested in becoming a partner of AI Sweden, and getting access to the partner benefits, including the Labs, please feel free to reach out.

A picture of Magnus Sahlgren
Magnus Sahlgren
Head of Research, NLU
+46 (0)76-315 34 80
Photo of Amelia Högberg
Amelia Högberg
Project administrator & Event manager NLU team
+46 (0)70-431 92 38

NLP Seminar Series

The NLP Seminar Series was a bi-weekly forum for people who work with or are interested in Natural Language Processing (NLP) and language technologies. While we don't have any upcoming seminars planned, you can head over to our YouTube channel to watch the recordings.

The seminars were organized by RISE NLP group and AI Sweden.