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Language technologies (NLU)

Competence in Natural Language Understanding (NLU) is fundamental to fully leverage AI. NLU is the technology that gives AI the ability to understand human language, bridging the gap between human and machine. It unlocks the value in unstructured data and forms the basis for meaningful interaction and automation.

NLU is one of AI Sweden's strategic initiatives, and the NLU team is one of Europe's leading research and development environments for large language models (LLMs) and their application. The NLU team is instrumental in guiding advancements in language technology, thereby reinforcing Swedish strategic interests and digital sovereignty.

What are language technologies?

Language technologies is a collective term for applications that can analyze, produce, modify, or respond to human text and speech. Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a core component within AI that enables machine understanding and machine representation of natural (human) language. With the help of language technology, patterns and insights from unstructured data can be transformed into manageable, useful information, allowing us to make data-driven and well-informed decisions. For Sweden to benefit from the rapid developments in the field of language technology, language models need to be trained on datasets for Swedish and minority languages spoken in Sweden.

NLU EU projects

The AI Sweden NLU team is involved in several EU-funded projects, such as OpenEuroLLM, EuroLinga-GPT, Deploy AI, and TrustLLM.

AI Sweden's focus in language technology research

Since 2021, the NLU team at AI Sweden has been involved in a range of different language technology research projects, with GPT-SW3 and OpenEuroLLM being our most well-known examples of what projects in this area can generate.

Through participation in EU-funded projects, AI Sweden strengthens the Swedish, as well as the European, ecosystem by collaborating with various research institutes, organizations, and universities across Europe.

Building open models enables transparency and helps democratize a resource-intensive technology for citizens in Sweden and Europe. In a global world with increasing tensions and rapid changes, it is important that Sweden can maintain a high technical standard and act independently. By building open language models in Swedish, the NLU team contributes to strengthening Sweden's digital sovereignty.

Latest news from the NLU team

Rows of black server racks with colorful cables in a bright, modern data center with glass floor panels. Eu-flag with the text 'Co-funded by the European Union'

OpenEuroLLM secures strategic access to multiple supercomputers: A milestone for European language models

2025-12-18
OpenEuroLLM is set to develop high-performance language models for Europe. The major European collaborative project has now been granted 10 million GPU hours on Europe’s most powerful supercomputers....
Nina Ökvist and Magnus Sahlgren (composite image)

Unique language model expertise strengthens Swedish and European independence

2025-11-05
The availability of large, open language models, along with the expertise required to develop, maintain, and utilize them, is of great importance for the sovereignty of Sweden and Europe.
Danila Petrelli

Sustainable data strategies for natural language understanding

2025-11-05
The accelerating use of large language models is unlocking enormous value for organizations. But to fully realize this potential, a critical bottleneck must be addressed: Sustainable data management....
Nina Ökvist

Nina Ökvist appointed new Head of NLU at AI Sweden

2025-08-22
With over 20 years of experience from several government agencies, Nina Ökvist is now taking on the role of Head of AI Sweden's NLU team, one of the country's leading research and development teams...
OpenAI and AI Sweden logotypes

AI Sweden in collaboration with OpenAI: Evaluating unique open models

2025-08-05
AI Sweden with its initiative "A shared digital assistant for the public sector" is among just a handful of organizations worldwide granted early access to test and evaluate OpenAI’s new open models...
People working on laptops in a collaborative office environment.

Svea's third phase almost fully subscribed

2025-11-03
The third phase of the unique innovation initiative A Shared Digital Assistant for the Public Sector will begin after the New Year. “The interest in contributing to strengthening the public sector’s...
Jonatan Permert presenting the work on 'Svea' in front of an audience

New models and features improve Svea

2025-06-12
Work on the Svea project has progressed significantly this spring, and project manager Jonatan Permert is planning for a high-paced autumn. “We’re developing a new model for the knowledge support...
A picture of Magnus Sahlgren next to the text 'OpenEuroLLM' below a logo with the EU-fag and the text 'Co-funded by the European Union'

AI Sweden contributes to the development of open LLMs for transparent AI in Europe

2025-02-26
Europe's leading AI companies and research institutions combine their forces and expertise to develop next-generation open-source language models. AI Sweden is one of the 20 European partners that...

Ongoing projects

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A shared digital assistant for the public sector

The shared digital assistant for the public sector is a collaboration between Swedish authorities, municipalities, regions, and industry, coordinated by AI Sweden. The objective is to promote national...
Deploy AI preview

DeployAI

The project DeployAI will build, deploy, and launch a fully operational AI-on-demand platform (AIoDP) promoting trustworthy, ethical, and transparent European AI solutions for use in the industry...
EuroLinga-GPT – MareNostrum

EuroLingua-GPT

AI Sweden and the Fraunhofer Institute for Intelligent Analysis and Information Systems are together training a new series of large language models (LLMs) for all of the official European languages.
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FormAI

FormAI explores the use of generative AI coupled with formal verification for developing secure and trustworthy software in the automotive domain.
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Next generation infrastructure

Within the Next generation infrastructure project, AI Sweden is developing next-generation infrastructure for the training, deployment, and iterative improvement of foundation models by addressing...
OPEN EURO LLM project co-funded by the European Union

OpenEuroLLM

Europe's leading AI companies and research institutions combine their forces and expertise to develop next-generation open-source language models in an unprecedented collaboration to advance European...
TrustLLM preview

TrustLLM

TrustLLM will develop European large language models (LLMs) on an unprecedented scale, trained on the largest amount of text so far in European AI, covering a range of underrepresented languages, and...

Past projects

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Data Readiness Lab

The Data Readiness Lab provides a collaborative environment and contributes skills, tools, frameworks and resources to increase data readiness and data maturity among actors in both the public and...
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GPT-SW3

AI Sweden, together with RISE and WASP WARA Media & Language, have developed a large-scale generative language model for the Nordic languages, primarily Swedish.
GPT-SW3 graphic showing input by public sector, industry, startups and academia

GPT-SW3 validation project

Can a large-scale Swedish generative language model reduce the threshold for using advanced language models to solve text processing tasks across a variety of sectors and use cases?
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Interdisciplinary expert pool for NLU

This project aims to establish and test a new form of cross-disciplinary collaboration for accelerating applied AI in the context of AI-driven language technology: The Interdisciplinary Expert Pool...
Language Models for Swedish Authorities project

Language Models for Swedish Authorities

The project develops large-scale language models for the Swedish public sector, enabling a number of applications with specific relevance to Swedish authorities.
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Multimodal language model

AI Sweden's language team is taking the next major step by initiating the development of Sweden's first large multimodal language model. The new model is expected, just like GPT-SW3, to become an...
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SuperLim

The SuperLim project forms a Swedish version of the English benchmarking platform (Super)GLUE. The first version of an evaluation framework for Swedish language models has now been released with a set...
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Swedish Language Data Lab

A thoroughly developed base for Natural Language Processing (NLP) is one of the cornerstones of successful AI applications. NLP is one of AI Sweden's strategic areas, and the Swedish Language Data Lab...
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Swedish Medical Language Data Lab

An extensive amount of medical text data is produced in Swedish healthcare, dental care, and the life sciences sector. The Swedish Medical Language Data Lab aims to develop language models for the...

Meet the team

Nina Ökvist

Nina Ökvist

Head of NLU
A picture of Magnus Sahlgren

Magnus Sahlgren

Head of Research, NLU
+46 (0)76-315 34 80
Photo of Amelia Högberg

Amelia Högberg

Project administrator & Event manager NLU team
+46 (0)70-431 92 38
Jonas Lind portrait photo

Jonas Lind

Senior Lead AI Developer, PhD
Danila Petrelli

Danila Petrelli

Senior Data Lead
A picture of Felix Stollenwerk

Felix Stollenwerk

Senior Research Scientist, PhD (on parental leave)
+46 (0)70 697 47 14
A picture of Amaru Cuba Gyllensten

Amaru Cuba Gyllensten

Senior Research Scientist, PhD
A picture of Ariel Ekgren

Ariel Ekgren

Senior Research Scientist
+46 (0)70-793 13 94
A Picture of Tim Isbister

Tim Isbister

AI Engineer
Niclas Hertzberg

Niclas Hertzberg

AI Engineer (on parental leave)
Anna Lokrantz in a purple sweater, standing in a modern office

Anna Lokrantz

AI Engineer

NLU updates

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If you are interested in becoming a partner of AI Sweden, and getting access to the partner benefits, including the Labs, please feel free to reach out.

Nina Ökvist
Nina Ökvist
Head of NLU
Photo of Amelia Högberg
Amelia Högberg
Project administrator & Event manager NLU team
+46 (0)70-431 92 38

NLP Seminar Series

The NLP Seminar Series was a bi-weekly forum for people who work with or are interested in Natural Language Processing (NLP) and language technologies. While we don't have any upcoming seminars planned, you can head over to our YouTube channel to watch the recordings.

The seminars were organized by RISE NLP group and AI Sweden.